Marine Mammal Research Unit PUBLICATIONS

Tollit, D.J., M. Wong, A.J. Winship, D.A.S. Rosen, and A.W. Trites. (in press).
Quantifying errors associated with using prey skeletal structures
from fecal samples to determine the diet of the Steller sea lion (Eumetopias
jubatus). Marine Mammal Science 0:000-000.

Donnelly, C.P., A.W. Trites, and D.D. Kitts. 2003. Possible effects of pollock and
herring on the growth and reproductive success of Steller sea lions: insights
from feeding experiments using an alternative animal model, Rattus novegicus.
British Journal of Nutrition 89:71-82 (PDF)

Milette, L.L. and A.W. Trites. 2003. Maternal attendance patterns of lactating Steller
sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) from a stable and a declining population in Alaska.
Canadian Journal of Zoology 81:340-348. (PDF)

Trites, A.W. 2003. Food webs in the ocean: who eats whom, and how much?
Pages 125-143 In M. Sinclair and G. Valdimarsson, eds. Responsible Fisheries
in the Marine Ecosystem. FAO, Rome and CABI Publishing, Wallingford. (PDF)

Trites, A.W. and C.P. Donnelly. 2003. The decline of Steller sea lions in Alaska: a
review of the nutritional stress hypothesis. Mammal Review 33:3-28. (PDF)

Winship, A.J., and A.W. Trites. 2003. Prey consumption of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias
jubatus) off Alaska:how much prey do they require? Fishery Bulletin
101:147-163. (PDF)

Benson, A.J. and A.W. Trites. 2002. Ecological effects of regime shifts in the Bering Sea
and eastern North Pacific Ocean. Fish and Fisheries 3: 95-113. (PDF)

Campbell, G. S., R. C. Gisiner, D. A. Helweg and L. L. Milette. 2002. Acoustic identification of
female Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus). Journal of the Acoustical Society
of America 111:2920-2928. (PDF)

Cottrell, P.E. and A.W. Trites. 2002. Classifying prey hard part structures recovered
from fecal remains of captive Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus).
Marine Mammal Science. 18:525-539.(PDF)

Flinn, R.D., A.W. Trites, E.J. Gregr and I. Perry. 2002. Diets of fin, sei and sperm whales
in British Columbia: an analysis of commercial whaling records, 1963-1967.
Marine Mammal Science. 18:663-679. (PDF)

Rosen, D.A.S. and A.W. Trites. 2002. Changes in metabolism in response to fasting
and food restriction in the Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus). Comparative
Biochemistry and Physiology 132: 389-399. (PDF)

Rosen, D.A.S. and A.W. Trites. 2002. Cost of transport in Steller sea lions, Eumetopias
jubatus. Marine Mammal Science 18:513-524. (PDF)

Trites, A.W. 2002. Predator-prey relationships. Pages 994-997. In Encyclopedia of
Marine Mammals, Edited by W.F. Perrin, B. Wursig, and H.G.M. Thewissen.
Academic Press, San Diego. (PDF)

Trites, A.W. and B.T. Porter. 2002. Attendance patterns of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias
jubatus) and their young during winter. Journal of Zoology, London 256:547-556. (PDF)

Williams, R.M., A.W. Trites and D.E. Bain. 2002. Behavioural responses of killer whales
(Ornicus orca) to whale-watching: opportunistic observations and experimental
approaches. Journal of Zoology (London) 256:255-270. (PDF)

Williams, R.M, D.E. Bain, J.K.B. Ford, and A.W. Trites. 2002. Behavioral responses of
male killer whales to a ‘leapfrogging’ vessel. Journal of Cetacean Research
4:305-310. (PDF)

Winship, A., A.W. Trites, and D.A.S. Rosen. 2002. A bioenergetics model for estimating
the food requirements of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) in Alaska.
Marine Ecology Progress Series 229:291-312. (PDF)

Gregr, E.J. and A.W. Trites 2001. Predictions of critical habitat for five whales species
in the waters of coastalBritish Columbia. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and
Aquatic Science 58:1265-1285.(PDF)

Trites, A.W. 2001. Marine mammal trophic levels and interactions. Pages 1628-1633.
In Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences, edited by J. Steele, S. Thorpe and
K. Turekian. Academic Press, London.(PDF)

Winship, A.J., A.W. Trites and D.G. Calkins. 2001. Growth in body size of the Steller
sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus). Journal of Mammalogy 82:500-519. (PDF)

Gregr E., L. Nichol, J. Ford, G. Ellis, and A.W. Trites. 2000. Migration and population
structure of northeast Pacific whales off the coast of British Columbia: analysis
of commercial whaling records from 1908–1967.Marine Mammal Science
16:699-727. (PDF)

Jonker, R.A.H., and A.W. Trites. 2000. The reliability of skinfold-calipers for measuring
blubber thickness of Steller sea lion pups (Eumetopias jubatus). Marine Mammal
Science 16:757-766. (PDF)

Rea, L.D., D.A.S. Rosen and A.W. Trites. 2000. Metabolic response to fasting in
6-week-old Steller sea lionpups. Canadian Journal of Zoology 78:890-894. (PDF)

Rosen, D.A.S. and A.W. Trites. 2000a. Pollock and the decline of Steller sea lions:
testing the junk-food hypothesis. Canadian Journal of Zoology 78:1243-1258. (PDF)

Rosen, D.A.S. and A.W. Trites. 2000b. Digestive efficiency and dry-matter digestibility of Steller sea lions fed herring, pollock, salmon and squid. Canadian Journal of Zoology
78:234-239.(PDF)

Rosen, D.A.S., L. Williams, and A.W. Trites. 2000. Effect of ration size and meal
frequency on digestive and assimilation efficiency in juvenile Steller sea lions,
Eumetopias jubatus. Aquatic Mammals 26:76-82. (PDF)

Stelle, L.L., R.W. Blake and A.W. Trites. 2000. Hydrodynamic drag in Steller sea
lions (Eumetopias jubatus). Journal of Experimental Biology 203:1915-1923. (PDF)

Trites, A.W. and R.A.H. Jonker. 2000. Morphometric measurements and body
conditions of healthy and starveling Steller sea lion pups (Eumetopias jubatus).
Aquatic Mammals 26: 151-157. (PDF)

Yurk, H. and A.W. Trites. 2000. Experimental attempts to reduce predation by
harbour seals (Phoca vitulina)on outmigrating juvenile salmonids.
Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 129:1360-1366. (PDF)

Burg, T., A.W. Trites, and M.J. Smith. 1999. Mitochondrial and microsatellite
analyses of harbour seal population structure in the Northeast Pacific Ocean.
Canadian Journal of Zoology 77: 930-943. (PDF)

Rea, L.D., D.A.S. Rosen, and A.W. Trites. 1999. Seasonal difference in adaptation
to prolonged fasting injuvenile Stellar sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus). The
FASEB Journal (Federation of American Societies of Experimental Biology)
13(5):A740.

Rosen, D.A.S. and A.W. Trites. 1999. Metabolic effects of low-energy diet on
Steller sea lions, Eumetopias jubatus. Physiological Zoology 72:723-731. (PDF)

Trites, A.W., P. Livingston, M.C. Vasconcellos, S. Mackinson, A.M. Springer and
D. Pauly. 1999. Ecosystem Considerations and the Limitations of Ecosystem
Models in Fisheries Management: Insights from the Bering Sea. In Proceedings
of Ecosystem Considerations in Fisheries Management. 16^th Lowell Wakefield
Fisheries Symposium and American Fisheries Society joint meeting. Anchorage,
Alaska, USA. September 30 – October 3, 1998. Alaska College Sea Grant Program
AK-SG-99-01, Pages 609-611. (PDF)

Trites, A.W., P.A. Livingston, M.C. Vasconcellos, S. Mackinson, A.M. Springer, and D. Pauly. 1999.
Ecosystem change and the decline of marine mammals in the Eastern Bering Sea: testing
the ecosystem shift and commercial whaling hypotheses. Fisheries Centre Research Reports
1999, Vol. 7 (1), 106 p. (PDF)

Pauly, D., A.W. Trites, E. Capuli and V. Christensen. 1998. Diet composition and trophic
levels of marine mammals. ICES Journal of Marine Science 55: 467-481. (PDF)

Trites, A.W. and D. Pauly. 1998. Estimating mean body masses of marine mammals from
maximum body lengths. Canadian Journal of Zoology 76: 886-896.(PDF)

Rosen, D.A.S. and A.W. Trites. 1997. Heat increment of feeding in Steller sea lions,
Eumetopias jubatus.Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 118A: 877-881.(PDF)

Trites, A.W. 1997. The role of seals and sea lions in the ecosystem. In G. Stone,
J. Goebel, and S. Webster. (eds.). Pinniped populations, eastern north Pacific:
Status, trends and issues. American Fisheries Society Symposium Report. Pages
31-39. New England Aquarium, Monterey Bay Aquarium, Monterey California,
August 1997. (PDF)

Trites, A.W., D. Pauly, and V. Christensen. 1997. Competition between fisheries and
marine mammals for prey and primary production in the Pacific Ocean. Journal of
Northwest Atlantic Fishery Science 22: 173-187.(PDF)

Trites, A.W. and M.A. Bigg 1996. Physical growth of northern fur seals: seasonal
fluctuations and migratory influences. Journal of Zoology (London) 238: 459-482.

Cottrell, P.E., Trites, A.W. and E.H. Miller 1996. Assessing the use of hard parts in faeces
to identify harbour seal prey: results of captive feeding trials. Canadian Journal of
Zoology 74: 875-880.(PDF)

Trites, A.W., and P.A. Larkin. 1996. Changes in the abundance of Steller sea lions
(Eumetopias jubatus) in Alaska from 1956 to 1992: how many were there?
Aquatic Mammals 22:153-166.(PDF)

Non-refereed Publications

Andrews, R. D., D. G. Calkins, R. W. Davis, B. L. Norcross, K. Peijnenberg and A. W. Trites. 2002.

Foraging behavior and energetics of adult female Steller sea lions. Pages 19-22 In
D. DeMaster and S. Atkinson, eds. Steller sea lion decline: is it food II. University of Alaska

Sea Grant, AK-SG-02-02, Fairbanks. (PDF)

Hall, A., G.E. Ellis and A.W. Trites. 2002. Harbour porpoise interactions with the 2001 selective

salmon fisheries in southern British Columbia and license holder reported small cetacean

by-catch. Selective Salmon Fisheries Science Program Report. Fisheries and Oceans

Canada.(PDF)

Rosen, D. A. S. and A. W. Trites. 2002. What is it about food? Examining possible mechanisms with

captive Steller sea lions. Pages 45-48 In D. DeMaster and S. Atkinson, eds. Steller sea lion

decline: is it food II. University of Alaska Sea Grant, AK-SG-02-02, Fairbanks. (PDF)

Hunter, A.M.J. and A.W. Trites. 2001. An annotated bibliography of scientific literature

(1751-2000) pertaining to Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) in Alaska. Fisheries

Centre Research Reports 2001, Vol 9 (1). 43 pp. (PDF)

Kaschner, K., R. Watson, V. Christensen, A.W. Trites, and D. Pauly. 2001.

Modeling and mapping trophic overlap between marine mammals and commercial

fisheries in the North Atlantic. In D. Zeller, R. Watson and D. Pauly (eds.). Fisheries impacts

on North Atlantic ecosystems: catch, effort and national/regional datasets. Fisheries

Centre Research Report 9(3), Pages 35-45. (PDF)

Trites, A.W. and L.G. Barrett-Lennard. 2001. COSEWIC status report addendum on killer whale

(Orcinus orca). COSEWIC – Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada.

Canadian Wildlife Service, Ottawa, Ont.

Donnelly, C., A.W. Trites, and D.D. Kitts. 2000. Alternative models for assessing the role of nutrition

in the population dynamics of marine mammals. In C.L.K. Baer (ed.). Proceedings of the Third

Comparative Nutrition Society Symposium, No. 3, Pages 41-45. Pacific Grove, California,

August 4-9, 2000. (PDF)

Hunter, A.M.J., A.W. Trites, and D. Pauly. 2000. Estimates of basal metabolic and feeding rates for

marine mammals from measurements of maximum body length. In C.L.K. Baer (ed.).

Proceedings of the Third Comparative Nutrition Society Symposium, No. 3, Pages 103-106.

Pacific Grove, California, August 4-9, 2000. (PDF)

Rosen, D.A.S. and A.W. Trites. 2000. Assessing the role of nutritional stress in the decline of wild

populations: a Steller case of scientific sleuthing. In C.L.K. Baer (ed.). Proceedings of the

Third Comparative Nutrition Society Symposium, No. 3, Pages 182-186. Pacific Grove,

California, August 4-9, 2000. (PDF)

Trites, A.W. 2000. Steller sea lion behavioral ecology at haulout sites in Alaska. Final report to

the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation. NFWF Project #97-023, 31 Pages.

Trites, A.W., and D.E. Bains. 2000. Short- and long-term effects of whale watching on killer whales

(Orcinus orca) in British Columbia. International Whaling Commission Working Paper,

Presented in Adelaide Australia, June 2000, 10 Pages.

Trites, A.W., P. Livingston, M.C. Vasconcellos, S. Mackinson, A.M. Springer, and D. Pauly. 1999.

Ecosystem change and the decline of marine mammals in the Eastern Bering Sea: testing the

ecosystem shift and commercial whaling hypotheses. Fisheries Centre Research Reports

1999, Vol 7 (1). 106 pp. (PDF)

Money, J.H. and A.W. Trites. 1998. A preliminary assessment of the status of marine mammal

populations and associated research needs for the west coast of Canada. Final Report to

Fisheries and Oceans Canada. 80 p.

Rosen, D.A.S. and A.W. Trites. 1998. Changes in metabolism in response to varying energy intake

in a marine mammal, the Steller sea lions. Proceedings of the Comparative Nutrition Society,

Banff, Alberta, August 1998, pp. 182-187. (PDF)

Rea, L.D., D.A.S. Rosen, and A.W. Trites. 1998. Blood chemistry and body mass changes during

fasting in juvenile Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus). Proceedings of the Comparative

Nutrition Society, Banff Alberta, August 1998, pp. 174-178. (PDF)

Trites, A.W., C.W. Beggs and B. Riddell. 1996. Status review of the Puntledge River summer

chinook. DFO PCARC Document S96-16. 34 p.

Trites, A.W., W. Hochachka and S.A. Carter. 1996. Killer whales and vessel activity in Robson Bight

from 1991 to 1994. A report of BC Parks, Strathcona District, P.O. Box 1470 Parksville, BC

V9P 2H4. 45 p.

Trites, A.W. and W. Hochachka. 1994. Killer whales and vessel activity in Robson Bight from 1991

to 1993. A report of BC Parks, Strathcona District, P.O. Box 1470 Parksville, BC V9P 2H4. 46 p.

Trites, A.W. and P.A. Larkin. 1992. The status of Steller sea lion populations and the development

of fisheries in the Gulf of Alaska and Aleutian Islands. A report of the Pacific States Marine

Fisheries Commission pursuant to NOAA award no. NA17FD0177. 134 p. (PDF)

Graduate Theses

Azana, C. 2002. Seasonal variation in nutrient composition of Alaskan walleye pollock (Theragra
chalcogramma) and its effect on the nutritional and oxidative status of Steller sea lions
(Eumetopias jubatus). Masters thesis. University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC.
106 pages.

Keple, A.R. 2002. Seasonal abundance and distribution of marine mammals in the southern
Strait of Georgia, British Columbia. Masters thesis. University of British Columbia,
Vancouver BC. 81 pages. (PDF)

Donnelly, C.P. 2001. Possible effects of pollock and herring on the growth and reproductive
success of Steller sea lions: insights from feeding experiments using an alternative
animal model, Rattus novegicus. Masters thesis. University of British Columbia, Vancouver
BC. 76 pages.

McPhee, C.P. 2001. Heart rate as a monitor for metabolic rate in captive juvenile Steller sea
lions (Eumetopias jubatus). Masters thesis. University of British Columbia, Vancouver
BC. 86 pages.

Gregr, E. 2000. An analysis of historic (1908-1967) whaling records from British Columbia,
Canada. MSc thesis, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC. 104 pages.

Winship, A.J. 2000. Growth and bioenergetic models for Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus)
in Alaska. Masters thesis. University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC. 160 pages. (PDF)

Milette, L.L. 1999. Behaviour of lactating Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) during the
breeding season: a comparison between a declining and stable population in Alaska.
MSc thesis, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC. 56 pages. (PDF)

Williams, R.M., 1999. Behavioural responses of killer whales to whale-watching: opportunistic
observations and experimental approaches. MSc thesis, University of British Columbia,
Vancouver BC. 68 pages. (PDF)

Porter, B. 1997. Winter ecology of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) in Alaska. Masters
thesis. University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC. 84 pages. (PDF)

Burg, T.M. 1996. Genetic analysis of eastern Pacific harbour seals (Phoca vitulina richardsi) from
British Columbia and parts of Alaska using mitochondrial DNA and microsatellites.
MSc thesis, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC. 77 pages

Jonker, R.A.H. 1996. Reliability of calipers to measure the blubber thickness in Eumetopias
jubatus. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, the Netherlands. 23 pages.